01 o 03
He ahaʻo Tomato Early Blight?
Hiki keʻikeʻia nā'ōpū concentric i loko o nā'ōpiopio o ka'ōpū me ka lei lima. Photo: Ke Kulanuiʻo Clemson - USDA Hui Hoʻopiʻi Kū'ē Kū'ē, Bugwood.org ʻO ka'ōpiopio mua kahi maʻi maʻamau ka mea i hanaʻia e ka'aliki Alternaria solani. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohālike i nā wahi o nā mea kanu maʻamau, me nā lau, nā'ati, a me nā hua. ʻAʻole paha e make nā mea kanu, akā e hoʻonāwaliwaliʻia a e hoʻonuiʻia nā'ōmato ma mua o ka mea maʻamau. ʻO ka hopena o ka ululāʻau, ulu i nā mea kanu kahiko, akā hiki ke hanaʻia ma nā mea kanu. ʻO nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu i pilikiaʻole i ke olakino, hiki ke maʻalahi. ʻO ka pōpō mua kekahi pilikia i ka uala.
ʻO ka'ōpiopio mua loa he maʻi nui loa e hoʻoponopono ai, akā, mai hōʻanoho me ka pilikia nui o nā'ōpilikiʻi i hiki ke wikiwiki e kanu i nā mea kanu ulu a e hohola i nā mile.
He aha ka mea e hoʻomaka ai i ka hoʻohonu
Hiki ke kiʻi mai i ka pua puana mua mai nā kumu he nui. Hiki ke waiho i loko o ka lepo, hiki i ke kanuʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu a pau āu i kūʻai ai, hiki i ke kauwela ma nā maʻi maʻi o kāu mau mea kanu. A hiki i ke kalo ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻOiai e hiki i ka'ōʻana o ka'ōleʻele i kēlā me kēiaʻano o ke aniau, makemake nō ia i nā mea humuhumu, e like me ka ua nui a me nā kaumaha paha. E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu no nā kiʻi hou a me nāʻike o nā hōʻailona o ka hōkū.
02 o 03
Nā Symptoms of Early Plight on Tomatoes
Ua hoʻomaka nā kiko o kēia mau aʻa i ka pale a hoʻopuni i nā pū. Photo: Robert Wick, Kulanui o Massachusetts, Bugwood.org Hoʻopili pinepineʻia ka pōpō mua me ka Septoria leaf spot . Hāʻawi lāua i nā kiko ma nā lau, a laila e hāleʻele ana i ka melemele a make, akāʻo Septoria hoʻi keʻano o nā kino momona e like me nā filaments liʻiliʻi e hele mai ana mai kahi mai.
Ma nā Pākuʻu Kiʻekiʻe:ʻO kahi o ka pouli me nā apo o ka'āpana i nā lālā kahiko. Hiki i ka'ōpuni e hoʻopuni ana i ka mele. Hiki i nā lālā iʻoi aku ke make me ka maopopoʻole, e wehe ana i nā hua i ka lā.
ʻO nā lionaʻeleʻele ma luna o nā pūpū e hoʻomaka i ka liʻiliʻi a paku iki. I ko lākou nuiʻana, hoʻopau lākou a hoʻomakaʻoe eʻike i nā hōʻailona maʻamau e like me nā wahi o nā lau. ʻO nā kiko e kū kokoke i ka papa honua e hiki ke hana i kahi kāʻei o ke kohu aʻele paha e pala. Hiki i nā kanu ke ola, akā,ʻaʻole lākou e ulu a ulu i ka nui o nā'ōmato.
No nā huaʻo Tomato: Inā loaʻa ka huaʻana o ka'ōpū i ka hua, e hoʻomaka nā kiko ma ka hopena o ka hope, kahiʻeleʻele,'ekeʻele, kahi'āpana me nā apo pepeiao. E hoʻopiliʻia nā'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo me ka'ōpala.
ʻO nā hua kanu :ʻO nā mea kanu i hoʻopiliʻia, he mau wahiʻeleʻele ko lākou ma luna o ko lākou mau lau a me nā koʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi ma luna o kā lākou mau hua'ōpū. ʻIke pinepineʻia nā kuʻi pinepine.
He mea paʻakikī ke kaua, akā, aia kekahi mauʻano e hoʻomalu ai iā ia a me kekahi mauʻanoʻokoʻa o ke tōmato, e like me ia i ho'ākākaʻia ma kaʻaoʻao aʻe.
03 o 03
Ka mālama a me ka mālamaʻana i ka'ōlaʻi mua o ka piʻomi
ʻO nā kiko i kū ma luna o nā tōmato e hoʻolilo iā lākou i meaʻole a pili i nā mea kanu e hua mai i nā hua hou. Hua'ōlelo: Yuan-Min Shen, Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Bugwood.org Ma kaʻaoʻao o kaʻaoʻao, he mauʻano'ōmato e hāʻawi ana i ke kū'ē i ka'ōleʻele mua, akāʻaʻoleʻaʻohe mea e palekana i ia. Ponoʻoe e hahai i nā'ōlelo i koe. ʻO ka'ōpiopio mua ka hopena maʻamau me nā'ōmato aʻaʻole hiki iāʻoe ke pale a pau, akā, hiki i kēia mau mea ke kōkua iāʻoe e mālama.
- Nā Seed i Hāpaiʻia - E kūʻai i nā hua kanu a me nā mea kanu mai nā kumu kaulana a nānā i nā mea kanu a pau ma mua o ka kauʻana i loko o kāu māla.
- Air Circulation - E hoʻolako i ka manawa kūpono no nā mea kanu. ʻO ka maikaʻi o ke ea e kōkua ai e mālama i nā mea kanu.
- ʻOihana Fungicides - E mālama i nā nūpepa ma kāu mau mea kanu, ma kahi o ka wā mākū aiʻole inā ua hoʻopilikiaʻia kāu mau mea kanu. Ināʻikeʻoe i nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻinoʻana ma kahi lāʻau hoʻokahi,ʻo ka weheʻana i ka lāʻauʻo kāu koho maikaʻi loa ia. ʻO nā kinipona a me nā sulfur sprays a me ka Serenade® meaolaolaola hiki ke lohi a pale paha i ke ulu houʻana o ka pūʻai ma luna o nā mea kanu.
- Ka Puʻupuʻu Puʻupuʻu - Mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka'ōʻana o ka huluhulu i nā mea kanu o ka mea kanu a me ka lepo, pono ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO ka nui o nā maʻi o ke kōmomi e hiki ke komo i loko o kāu māla i kēiaʻano, he mea lapuwaleʻaʻole e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea kanu i ka hopena o ke kau.
- E hoʻololi i nā kīhāpai - Inā loaʻaʻoe i ka pōʻino o ka'ōleʻele mua, e huli i kahi'ē aʻe e kanu i kāu mau'ōmato i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, inā paha i loko o nā pahu.
ʻO nāʻano Tomato a me kekahi Pōʻokoʻa i ka Hōkū Pāʻele
ʻO ka'ōmoleʻoʻAnakē Ginny - Heirloom,ʻimiʻole, beefsteak (16 oz.)
Nui Rainbow - Heirloom,ʻoluʻolu, pehu-bee-bee (16 oz.)
Kelepona'Oleka - Heirloom, ka palena haʻahaʻa, plum (2 in.)
ʻO Juliet - Ke kūmole, kānalua, cherry (1 auneke)
Hoike - Open-pollinated, determinate, beefsteak (14-16 auneke)
Manyel - Heirloom, palena haʻahaʻa, ka honua melemele (8-10 auneke)
ʻO Matt's Wild Cherry - Heirloom,ʻoluʻolu, cherry (1/2 inhi)
Mauna Loa Mauna Loa - Māliko, hoʻoholo, ke ao (6-8 a.)
ʻO Mauna Fresh Plus - Māliko, hoʻoholo, ke ao (12 mau'une)
Old Brooks - Heirloom, palena haʻahaʻa, ke ao (6-8 ounce)
ʻO Tigerella (aka M. Stripey) - Heirloom, hoʻolālā, ke ao (4-6 a.)
ʻO Tommy Toe - Heirloom,ʻoluʻolu,'ehi (1 inihi)E heluhelu e pili ana i nā mau pilikia maʻamau:
Nā kumuhana:
- Ke kuhikuhiʻana i nā maʻi o nā meaʻaiʻana, na MacNab, Sherf a me Springer, Penn State, 1983
- ʻO ka'ōpena Tomato