Ua hele lōʻihi nā mea holoi lole ma mua mai o ka hana muaʻana o nā pahupapaʻu mua i hanaʻia mai nā momona a me nā lye i kūʻaiʻia i nā makahiki 1700. ʻO ka hoʻokomoʻiaʻana o nā mea'eleʻahe i kahi mākaʻi ma nā makahiki 1950 i hāʻawi aku i nā mea homemakers i nā koho'ē aʻe o ka mālama lole. Akāʻo nā makahiki 1970 ka mea i lawe mai i ka mea hou loa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe nuiʻana, me ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā enzymes e "hōʻeha" i nāʻano kiko'ī likeʻole.
ʻO kēlā mau enzymes e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kāne mai nā keikikāne i ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia ai ka holoi.
Ua loaʻa iaʻu ka manawa kūpono e noho iho ai me Kauka Chuck Crawford nona nā makahiki he nui i loko o kaʻoihana lole holoi lole ma ka noiʻi a me ka uluʻana e kūkā e pili ana i nā meaʻai a me nāʻokoʻa i nā mea holoi lole o kēia lā. ʻO kāna mau weheweheʻana e kōkua iāʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea āu e heluhelu nei ma kāu palapala inoa paʻakikī a kōkua iāʻoe e koho i ka huahana maikaʻi no kāu holoi lole.
Nā Kūlana Kūʻokoʻa Mākaukau
ʻO kēlā me kēia mea hana maʻamau he mea hūnāʻia a me nā huila e hana i kā lākou mau makamae pono'ī. Hiki ke hanaʻia he nui o kēia mau mea mai nā mea kanu; ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe he mea hana. ʻO ka nui o kēlā me kēia mea a me kā lākou huiʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana o ka mea maʻi. Eia nā mahele i loko o kaʻaneʻane kokoke i kēlā me kēia mea holoi lole holoi lole:
NāʻAla:
ʻO nā kinalima, he mea nui ma ka hapa nui o nā holoi lole, he salina soluble.
He maikaʻi ia i ka weheʻana i kahi lepo a me nāʻokoʻa mai kaʻupena me ka nuiʻole o ka palapalapala. ʻO nā paʻakai soluble o kahi'alala alkali e like me ka potassium a me ka sodokuma,ʻo ka laweʻiaʻana o ka momona maikaʻi. Hāpai lākou i ka hoʻoikaikaʻia o nā meaʻeleʻele a hinuʻopaʻa paha i hoʻopaʻaʻia. ʻAʻole e hoʻokaʻawaleʻia nā meaʻawaʻawa mai ka wai a mai pāpā hou i ka lole.
Ua hoʻohana nā mea mīkini mua a me nā mīkini pa'ū i ka lehu o nā mea kanu i mea e loaʻa ai ka alkalis - he kumu e hoʻopiʻi me ka waiuma e pale ai. I kēia lā, hanaʻia lākou i ka huapalapala e ka holoʻana o ka elela ma o ka wai paʻakai e hoʻolako i ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aiʻole ka mea'alapona lepo a me ka potassium hydroxide (KOH) aiʻole ka cahula. ʻO kēia ka papahana i maʻa mauʻia i nā haʻopa a me nā mea pale.
Hoʻololi nāʻano lāʻau alkalina i ko lākou ikaika me ka ikaika loa e hoʻonā i ke ahi a me nāʻeha i loko ke'aleʻaʻia. Hiki i nā pilikino ikaika ke hōʻino i nā lole a waiho i nā kapa me kaʻikeʻole i ka hoʻopāʻana.
- ʻO ka'enela alkali he soda (sodium bicarbonate)
- ʻO nā kauka kaulike he ammonia home, borax a trisodium phosphate (TSP)
- ʻO nā māhele ikaika e like me ka holoiʻana i ka soda (sodium carbonate) a me ka lye (caustic soda).
Nānā Surpactants a me nā mea hōʻailona palekana
ʻO nā mea pāpaʻi kahi o nā mea nui o ka holoiʻana a me ka holoiʻana i nā meaʻai. E wāwahi lākou i nā'ūpiki a mālama i ka lepo i loko o ka wai wai e pale ai i ka waiho houʻana o ka lepo ma luna o kaʻili kahi i weheʻia. Hiki i nā kānā Surpactants ka lepo e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻole i ka wai.
Ua like ia i ka loleʻaila a me ka vīnega. ʻAʻole lākou e hui pū me ka ikaikaʻole o ka'ōmole a hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ma hope koke.
Pēlāʻiʻo nō ka holoi i nā lole. Hoʻopūlū nā meaʻalima "i ka lepo e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻole i ka wai, e hoʻolaha ai a hiki ke hoʻokuʻuʻia me ka wai holoi.
I nā mea hoʻonāʻau'eleioni, ua'āhewaʻia ke poʻo o ka mole. He mea maikaʻi loa kēiaʻano maʻamau i ka weheʻana i kahi lepo lepo a me nā kohu keʻoleʻoe he wai paʻakikī (wai piha i nā minelala e like me ka calcium a me ka magnesium). Mālama nā'enela i ka mea hana'eleioni mai ka hana ponoʻana. Hiki iāʻoe keʻike i nā mea'ānanionona anionic i heluʻia e like me: alkyl sulphates, alkyl ethoxylate sulphates a me nā paopao ma ka papa helu hoʻololi o kāu mea paʻi.
Inā loaʻa iāʻoe ka wai paʻakikī , eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hualoaʻa me kahi mea'oniʻonaʻole. ʻAʻohe elele i kēia mau kinolino maʻamau. Hiki iāʻoe keʻike i kēia mau mea hoʻonāukiʻia i heluʻia ma keʻano he mau'āpana momona momona ma ka lepili.
Hiki iāʻoe keʻike iā lākou i hui pūʻia me nā mea'onihana anionc e hoʻohui a hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hana.
Nāʻano o nā Surfactants Ma ka mea holoi lole holoi:
- alkyl sulphates
- alkyl ethoxylate sulphates
- nā meaʻona o ka waiʻona momona
Nā Hana Hana Hana Hana Ma ka Mea holoi Laundry
- nā pale pH i palekana a me nā kumuhana i loko o ka wai
- nā mea hoʻonaniʻike (bleach alternative) e hoʻonui i keʻano o ke keʻokeʻo ma ka hoʻouluʻana i ke kukui a me ka hāʻawiʻana i ka uhi uliuli
- ka wai wai e mālama i ka wai ikaika a hoʻoneʻe i ke kele
- ia me ka savon a me ke silicone e pale ai i ka nui o ka wai
- nā kākoʻo mālama e pale i ka uluʻana o ka microbial
ʻO nā Enzymes Catalytic Ma ka Mea holoi Laundry
Hiki i nā enzymes ke hana maoli a hanaʻia paha. E hoʻopili ana nāʻano enzymes i nā'āina kūikawā a me ka catalytic mahi e wāwahi i ka lepo i nā kinikole liʻiliʻi e holoiʻia.
- ka palekana - hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumu lepo
- amylase - e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka maloʻopaʻa a me nā'aleʻaleʻa
- cellulase - e uhaʻi i nā kumupū o ka'ōpū e hoʻokuʻu i nā lepo
- ka lipase - hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumu momona
- Peneanase - e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā meaʻai
- pectinase - e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nāʻokoʻa hua
Hoʻokumuʻia nā enzymes - kōkua lākou i ka berena e wikiwiki a māhuahua i ka waina. ʻO ka hoʻokomoʻana i nā enzymes i loko o nā mea holoi lole holoi ua hoʻololi'ēʻia i ka hanaʻana i ka holoi. Hoʻoweliweli nā Enzymes iā mākou e hoʻohana i nā mahana o ka wai a me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hiki ai ke hana i ka mea a mākou e makemake ai a makemake - i nā kapa maʻemaʻe. No ka nui, nā makahiki he nui wale kahi ala e hiki ai ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka holoiʻana,ʻo ia ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka wai kai a me nā'ōmole paʻakikī koʻikoʻi.
I kēia lā, ua hana nā kńnaka epekema i ka "biotechnology" ahupuaʻa a iʻole ka "ʻenehana keʻokeʻo", e hoʻohana ana i nā pūnaehana enzyme a iʻole nā paukū o nā pūnaewele no ka hoʻouluʻana i nā enzymes ma muli o ka holoi lole. Hiki i nāʻoihana hanaʻenehana waiwai ke hoʻopakele i ka honua a hiki iʻelua 2.5 biliona kauna o CO2 i kēlā me kēia makahiki a kākoʻoʻana i ke kūkuluʻana i kahi e hoʻomau houʻia ana, e like me kahi hōʻike mai ka World Wildlife Fund,
'Oiā
- nā meaʻala e hoʻoikaika i kaʻike o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe
ʻO ke komohana a me nā mea inu i loko o ka mea holoi
Hoʻopiliʻia nā mea inu i ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi i ka mea kūʻai.
ʻAʻole lākou hana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana. Inā loaʻa iāʻoe kaʻiliʻeleʻele, e huli i nā mea paleʻole me nā meaʻahuʻole no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonāukiuki.
Pehea ka Detergents e hana ai i nā lole lole
No ka loaʻaʻana o nā hualoaʻa maikaʻi loa mai nā mea holoi lole a pau, aiaʻekolu mau manawa o ka ikehu kino, ka ikehu wela a me ka ikaika mechanical e pono ke hoʻohanaʻia e holoi i nā lole.
ʻO ka ikaika o kaʻenekini,ʻo ia nō, ka mea holoi lole. ʻO nā mea i loko o ka holoi lole holoi holoi e kohoʻia i nā hopena hopena. ʻAʻole i emi iki nā'āpana paʻakikī aʻole mau enzymes. E hoʻemi iki i nā enzymes.
ʻO ka manahuhuhu e pili ana i ka mahana o ka wai . Hoʻonohonohoʻia nā meaʻokoʻa'ē aʻe e hana maikaʻi i nāʻano likeʻole. Pono e heluhelu i nā kuhikuhi e koho i ka huahana maikaʻi no kāu holoi lole.
Hoʻolakoʻia ka pūnaewele mechanical mai kekahi mea pale aiʻole mea holoi lole lima .
Pehea e koho ai i ka mea makemake loa
He nui nā koho ma ka holoi lole holoi lole - ka wai, ka lepo, ka lāʻau hoʻokahi-hoʻohana. Peheaʻoe i koho ai? ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa ka mea e kūpono i nāʻohana o kaʻohana ma keʻano o ka maikaʻi ma nā'āina kūikawā, ka makemake pilikino no ka meaʻala, keʻano (ka lepo, ka wai, aiʻole ka hopena hoʻokahi) a me ka uku.
Eia ka pehea e hoʻomaka ai. E hōʻaʻo i ka holoi lole o ko 'ohana - nā' āpana, ka nui o ka lepo lepo. Inā kūkala waleʻia ka hapa nui o nāʻaʻahu me nā mea kiko'ī, hiki iāʻoe keʻike i kahi mea hana maʻalahi a me ka hana hoʻopunipuni'āpiki maikaʻi wale nō kāu mea e pono ai. Inā he lepo kaumaha kou, hoʻoikaika i nā lole me ka nui o ke kino a me ka nui o nā meaʻai / keko / waho waho; makemakeʻoe i kahi mea kaumaha kaumaha.
A laila, e heluhelu i nā papa inoa holoi lole a iʻole e hele i ka pūnaewele e heluhelu i nā meaʻai. He mea nui ka nānāʻana i nā mea'onihu a me nā enzymes e wehe i kahi lepo a me nā'ūpiki. ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūʻokoʻaʻole - nā loea kalepa - he emi iki kēia mau māhele aʻaʻole e maʻemaʻe. Hiki iāʻoe keʻike i ka loaʻaʻana oʻelua mauʻano ma kāu hale holoi lole e mālama i kāu mau mea e pono ai - hoʻokahi mea pale no nā lole maʻemaʻe a me kahi no nā lole nani i kāhikoʻia.
ʻOiai ka nui o nā mea pale e hana i ka wai anuanu,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kohoʻana i hoʻokahi mea i kūkuluʻia no ke kai anuanu ināʻoe e noʻonoʻo e hoʻohana i ka wai anuanu.
Hiki iāʻoe keʻimi i nā wai a me nā paulina i loko o nā hoʻopihapiha paʻakikī a iʻole. ʻOiai lākou i hōʻailonaʻia ma nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hāʻawi lākou i ka mana hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻokahi me ko lākou mau mea nui keuʻole. No ka hoʻoholoʻana i ka pono kūpono e hoʻohana ai, e hahai i nā kuhikuhi a ka leka a hoʻohana i ka pale'aleʻa a iʻole ka pale. ʻO kēia mau huahana wale nō ka laweʻana i nā wai a iʻole nā kāpili'ē aʻe i mea e maʻalahi ai a emiʻole ka waiwai i ka moku a me ka mālama. Hoʻopili nuiʻia nā paʻi a me nā'ōpili hoʻokahi me ka hiki iāʻoe ke mālama pono i ke kālā ma ka paleʻana i ka hana.
Ua koho nā mea he nui i kā lākou lole holoi lole ma muli o kaʻala. E hoʻomanaʻo wale nō "ʻaʻole e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe" kahiʻala maʻemaʻe. " E mālama pono i ka weheʻiaʻana o ka lepo aʻaʻole i uhi waleʻia me ka meaʻala.