Gavia stellata
ʻO ka mea liʻiliʻi aʻoi aku ka laulā o nā loons,ʻo ia keʻano o nā meaʻeleʻele o ka honua.
Ka inoa maʻamau : Red-Throated Loon, Keʻena Ula-Kūlohelohe, Pegging-Awl Loon, Cape Drake, Cape Racer, Sprat Loon, Spratoon, Kekahi Loon
Nānā Lepekema : Gavia stellata
ʻO nāʻohana'enekema : Gaviidae
ʻAno:
- Bill : He lōʻihi, hoʻokiʻekiʻe, hoʻokuʻu iki i ka lōʻihi, hina-ʻeleʻele
- Nui : 24-27'niha ka lōʻihi me ka 42-45-inihi o ka'ēheu, ka poʻo keʻo, ka umauma'āpana, ka leʻa lōʻihi
- Nā Lulu :'Aleʻele,ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo, he ulaulaʻulaʻula
- Nā Markings : He like nā'āpana, akā he nui aʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wāhine. I ka wiliʻana o ka'ōpū, ke poʻo hina keʻokeʻo a ua maikaʻi ka'ā'ī lōʻihi, keʻokeʻoʻeleʻele a me ka keʻokeʻo e hoʻouka ana i ka diane a me kahi pāpaleʻulaʻula ma luna o ka puʻu. He keʻokeʻo ka umauma a me nāʻalā, akā e hōʻike ana kekahi mauʻili hina hina ma nāʻaoʻao. ʻO ka hope a me nā'ēheuʻeleʻele me ka liʻiliʻi hina. I ka hoʻoilo, kahiʻole o ka plumage hānau, he mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, he puʻu a me lalo, heʻeleʻele uliuli, he kīkeʻe keʻokeʻo ma kahiʻeleʻele a me kahi pākei paler. I loko o ka makahiki, uaʻulaʻula nā maka a heʻeleʻele nā wāwae a me nā wāwae.
He like nā līlū me ka poʻe umauma plumage hōʻolona akā e hōʻike ana i kaʻeleʻele i nāʻaoʻao o ka puʻu a me kahi pāpale nui paler.
NĀʻAi : Fish, nāʻupena, amphibians, crustaceans, mollusks ( See: Piscivorous )
Ka Nohoʻana a me ka Holoʻana:
ʻO kēia mau loons o ke kūkulu'ākau he mauʻano āpau aʻikeʻia ma nā loko liʻiliʻi, liʻiliʻi, nā loko, nā loko a me nā pahu i ke kauwelaʻana o ke kauwela, akā i ke kauwela e makemake lākou i nā kahakai kūlohelohe me nā kahakai, bays a me nā estuaries, akā naʻe lākou e holo i waho i ke kai.
ʻO ko lākou uluʻana, aia nā moku Arctic oʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Eurasia, e like me Iceland a me Scandinavia. I ke kauwela, loaʻa lākou ma ka moana moana oʻEulopa a hiki i Sepania a hiki i ke kai Mediterranean a me ke kai Caspian, a ma Asia kahi eʻike ai i nā loloa'ālaʻula iʻikeʻia ma nā kahakai o Iapana, ka Pelekānia Korea a hiki i ka hema ma ka'ākauʻo Kina.
Ma ka'ākau oʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, ua hoʻokuʻiʻia ke kau o ka hoʻokele i ke kūkulu'ākau i ka'Ākau Pajaʻo Baja i ka Moana Pākīpika a me South Carolina ma ka'ĀlikaʻAkelanika.
ʻAʻole iʻikeʻia ka nānāʻana i nā mea nānā ma mua, akā, i kahi manawa e kākauʻia i uka, i ka wā o ka neʻeʻana, aʻo kēia mau lā, ua maʻalahiʻole i kaʻikeʻana i ka hema ma mua aʻe o ka mea i manaʻoʻia, e like meʻAmelika'ākau, Central Mexico a Mongolia.
Nā Mahi:
He leo hohonu kēia mau manu e hoʻokomo ana i kahi kani keʻo, kani kāhea, kahi uila a me ke kani hohonu a me nā leo kani. Ke noi nei nā'ōpiopio'ōpio i nā kāhea e hoʻohana lākou no kaʻikeʻana o nā mākua.
Nā hana:
ʻO nā loona pinepine hōʻailona wale nō ia akā hiki ke hana i nā pua i ke neʻeʻana a i nā wahi kūpono paha i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ko lākou ala holo e pololei a kuhikuhi pololei i nā piho'ēheu, a hōʻike lākou i ka hilinaʻi kūikawā iʻikeʻia paha me nā wāwaeʻelua a me nā'ā'ī e holopili ana, akā e hoʻoluli pinepine lākou i ko lākou'ā'ī i lalo a lele i ka leleʻana.
He palupalu kēia mau manu a me ka palahalaha ma ka'āina, akā, he mau meaʻono e hiki ke iho i 90 kapuaʻi ka hohonu o ka hahaiʻana i ka waiwai pio. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine lākou i kā lākou mau pili, a hiki iā lākou ke hele pololei mai kaʻili o ka wai aiʻole mai ka'āina inā pono, me kaʻole o ka holoʻana e holo i ka holo wikiwiki.
Hōʻano houʻia:
ʻO kēia mau loons keʻano hoʻokahi a me nā lā lōʻihi e hiki ai ke kuhikuhi i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ke ola . ʻO ka hōʻikeʻana i nā papa hōʻike hōʻike,ʻo ia ka hoʻokomoʻana i ka pāleina i loko o ka wai a me ka hula iki a me ka luʻuʻana e pili ana i nā wāhine. Ma hope o ka paʻiʻana, hana pū nā hoaʻelua e kūkulu i ka pūnana nalu palupalu aiʻole ka puʻu o ka mauʻu, ka moa, ka lau maloʻo a me ka lepo, a hiki ke hoʻopaʻaʻia me nā mea maikaʻi a me nā hulu. Aiaʻekolu mauʻala oval e like me nā pua , a mai kaʻoliva-'ōmaʻomaʻomaʻo i ka hohonu hohonu a'ōwiliʻia aʻano kīkohu paha me nā huluʻeleʻele.
Hāʻawi nā mākua i nā kuleana hana no 25-28 mau lā, a haʻalele nā moa puaʻa i ka pūnana i loko o ka lā o ka paleʻana. Hiki iā lākou ke hānai iā lākou iho akā hiki i nā mākua ke hoʻolako i ka mea maʻalahi a me ka alakaʻi mau i nā mea a pau, a inā e hoʻoweliweliʻia nā moa, hiki i nā mākua ke hana i nā mea pale i nā meaʻaihue kūʻokoʻa.
Lawe nā manu'ōpiopio i ko lākou mahuka mua i ka wā he 50-60 mau lā. Ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka mālamaʻana, hiki i kahi wahine male ke hāpai i hoʻokahi keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā inā ua hoʻomaka ka pūnana i ke kakahiaka nui, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka i kahi keiki hou ma kahi pūnaewele nest hou.
Ke hoʻokipa nei i nā Loons Hoʻolāʻau Iʻe:
ʻAʻole kēia manu manu o nā manu akā hiki ke hele ma nā wahi i manaʻoʻoleʻia me kahi wai kūpono e pono ai, ma kahi o ka neʻeʻana. He mea nui ka mālamaʻana i ka noho āpau a me nā ola olakino olakino i mea eʻoluʻolu ai nā loons.
Hoʻomalu:
ʻOiaiʻaʻole kēia mau lā i manaʻoʻia he kūlana hoʻoweliweli paha a iʻole e poino, ua hoʻonuiʻia kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻomehanaʻiaʻana o nā'āinaʻo Arctic no ka hoʻohanaʻana i nāʻoihanaʻoihana. ʻO kaʻaila o kaʻaila a me ka haumia e hiki ai i ka hopena o nā meaʻawaʻawa he mea weliweli hoʻi ia i nā loona hou, a me nāʻupena a me nā hana lawaiʻa hikiʻole ke lawe i nā kaumaha nui ma kēia mau lā, i ka wā maʻamau.
Nā Manu like:
- Keʻoleʻaleʻele-ʻOi ( Gavia arctica )
- Moana Pākīpika ( Gavia Pacifica )
- Hoʻopukaʻiaʻo Red-Necked ( Podiceps grisegena )
Photo - Red-Throated Loon - Hoʻokumu Plumage © Jason Crotty
Kiʻi - Red-Throated Loon - Hoʻokumuʻole Plumage © Don Henise